极地研究

极地研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 49-57.DOI: 10. 13679/j.jdyj.20200025

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

南极菲尔德斯半岛表层土壤中多环芳烃分布特征、源解析及风险评价

刘昂1  公金文1  韩彬2,3  赵军1  郑立1,2,3   

  1. 1青岛科技大学化工学院, 山东 青岛 266042;
    2    自然资源部海洋生态环境科学与技术重点实验室, 自然资源部第一海洋研究所, 山东 青岛 266061;
    3青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室 海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266071
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-30 修回日期:2020-06-29 出版日期:2021-03-31 发布日期:2021-03-26
  • 通讯作者: 韩彬
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0503602)和南北极站基业务化生态环境监测–菲尔德斯半岛土壤重金属和有机污染物调查项目资助

Analysis of distribution, sources and ecological risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in topsoil of Fildes Peninsula

Liu Ang1, Gong Jinwen1, Han Bin2,3, Zhao Jun1, Zheng Li1,2,3   

  1. 1 College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China;
    2 Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography,
    Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China;
    3 Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine
     Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
  • Received:2020-03-30 Revised:2020-06-29 Online:2021-03-31 Published:2021-03-26

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摘要：

多环芳烃(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PAHs)会在“全球蒸馏”效应(即“蚱蜢跳”效应)的作用下, 从低纬度地区转移到高纬度地区, 且有科学家在极区检测到PAHs的存在。本研究采用GC-MS技术对南极菲尔德斯半岛地区20个站点表层土壤中16种PAHs进行了分析, 考察了菲尔德斯半岛表层土壤中PAHs的分布特征。结果表明, 20个站点中∑16PAHs含量范围为2.37~27.31 ng·g−1(dw), 平均含量为9.82 ng·g−1(dw)。2环和3环PAHs是此研究区域的主要PAHs。源解析综合分析结果表明, PAHs主要来源于石油源和石油燃烧源, 且一定程度上受到大气远距离传输的影响。风险评估表明, 研究区域处于低生态风险水平, 但潜在的环境毒性不能被忽视。因此, 研究南极菲尔德斯半岛表层土壤中PAHs分布特征、源解析及风险评价, 可以为该区域及南极其他地区污染控制和生态环境防治等提供科学依据, 对生态环境保护有着重要的意义。

Abstract:

As a result of global distillation or the grasshopper effect, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can shift from low to high latitudes, and they have been detected in the polar regions. In this study, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to analyze 16 PAHs in the top soil of 20 sites on Fildes Peninsula in Antarctica. At the 20 sites, total concentration of the 16 PAHs ranged from 2.37 to 27.31 ng·g−1 (dw), with an average of 9.82 ng·g−1 (dw). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with two and three rings were dominant, and have been transported from petroleum and petroleum combustion sources over long distances to the study area through the atmosphere. The ecological risk assessment shows that while the study area is at low risk, attention needs to be paid to the potential environmental toxicity. Studies and assessments of PAH distribution, sources, and ecological risks are important and can provide the scientific basis for pollution control and environmental protection for Fildes Peninsula and other areas of Antarctica.